Agricultura familiar
“Alimentar al mundo, cuidar el planeta”
La agricultura familiar produce el 80% de los alimentos del mundo
El Día Mundial de la Alimentación destaca la agricultura familiar y los pequeños agricultores, debido a que cumplen un importante papel en la erradicación del hambre y la pobreza, en la consecución de la seguridad alimentaria, la mejora de la nutrición, de los medios de subsistencia, en la ordenación de los recursos naturales, la protección del medio ambiente y en el logro del desarrollo sostenible, en particular en las zonas rurales.
Por ello, el 2014 ha sido proclamado el Año Internacional de la Agricultura Familiar, siendo esta una clara señal de que la comunidad internacional reconoce la importante contribución de los agricultores familiares a la seguridad alimentaria mundial, ya que según cifras de la FAO (Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura) el 80% de los alimentos del mundo provienen de esta actividad.
Bogotá no se queda atrás en el apoyo a iniciativas tendientes al fortalecimiento de procesos productivos agrícolas urbanos y en zonas rurales de la Capital. Así por ejemplo en Usaquén, la Alcaldía Local adelanta proyectos de agricultura familiar como estrategia del Comité Local de Seguridad Alimentaria, a través de las huertas auto sostenibles.
La administración local, señala los beneficios que dejan a la comunidad las huertas auto sostenibles: compra y venta de productos de la mejor calidad, por sus cuidados y tratamientos, permitiendo a los consumidores una mejor alimentación y a los productores, ganancias por las ventas de sus productos; el abastecimiento de los alimentos a las familias que los producen, además de la sana ocupación del tiempo libre, entre otros.
En la localidad de Usme, con el apoyo del Instituto Distrital de Turismo (IDT), se viene trabajando en el proyecto Agroturístico La Requilina, una amplia zona rural de esta localidad, en la que se encuentran fincas y unidades productivas que ofrecen al visitante alimentos organicos, bebidas, muestras culturales y degustaciones. En este caso, la actividad turística se ha convertido en una alternativa complementaria rentable que se suma a la labor agrícola de los campesinos.
Otro proyecto importante y reconocido, es el de Los Quiches, ubicado en Ciudad Bolívar, que compromete una buena extensión de la zona rural de la localidad en la que se encuentran fincas y concentraciones de cultivos plantados por 60 familias campesinas de nueve veredas de Ciudad Bolívar. La mayoría de estos productos agrícolas tienen como destino la central de Abastos donde son distribuidos.
En la localidad de Suba, desde hace un par de años, un grupo de residentes y estudiantes del barrio Nueva Zelanda tomaron la iniciativa de cultivar alimentos para su propio consumo. El proyecto conocido como Wayra agro-recreativo, busca que los adultos mayores de este sector puedan hacer de la agricultura urbana una actividad sostenible, y a la vez, una forma de entretenimiento.
A estas experiencias, se suma el trabajo de la Alcaldía Mayor, que por medio de la Secretaría de Integración Social, a través del proyecto ‘Alimentando Capacidades’, garantizó durante 2013, el derecho a la alimentación y nutrición de 236.542 personas diariamente, mediante tres modalidades (comedores comunitarios, bonos y canastas alimentarias), y el suministro de alimentos crudos y preparados a las diferentes unidades operativas tales como jardines infantiles, Centros Amar, Crecer y de Protección, entre otros.
De igual manera, desde el pasado 24 de enero, cerca de 5000 familias en situación de pobreza e inseguridad alimentaria y nutricional de la ciudad, iniciaron su participación en la modalidad de bonos canjeables por alimentos, lo que permitirá contribuir con el restablecimiento y garantía del derecho a la alimentación.
Con estas iniciativas se busca que la ciudad avance en la superación de una de las principales causas de la pobreza. Por su parte, el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, en coordinación con nueve entidades del Estado, trabajan de manera conjunta en la implementación de la Política de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (SAN). Entre los logros alcanzados están la construcción y aprobación de los lineamientos de política pública en seguridad alimentaria y nutricional para
grupos étnicos, como resultado del trabajo adelantado con comunidades, líderes, cabildos y organizaciones regionales de los grupos indígenas y afrodescendientes. Otro propósito del Gobierno Nacional es que los colombianos adquieran buenos hábitos alimenticios.
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